Statistical significance

Statistical significance is a measure used in hypothesis testing to determine whether the results of a study are likely to be due to chance. When a result is statistically significant, it means that the observed difference or effect is unlikely to have occurred by random variation alone.
Statistical significance is typically expressed as a p-value. The p-value represents the probability of observing the data you did, or something more extreme, if the null hypothesis were true. The null hypothesis states that there is no effect or no difference between the groups being compared. A conventional threshold for statistical significance is a p-value of less than 0.05. If the p-value is below this threshold, the result is considered statistically significant, and the null hypothesis is rejected. However, it’s important to note that statistical significance does not necessarily imply clinical importance or a large effect size.